Cases Detail

Cases

Sammy Muchane vs. Airtel Networks Kenya Ltd

Country: Kenya
Court: Office of the Data Protection Commissioner
Status: Determination
Tags: data protection,privacy breaches

Case Summary

This determination addresses a complaint filed by Sammy Muchane against Airtel Networks Kenya Limited, alleging a breach of privacy under the Data Protection Act, 2019. Muchane claimed that Airtel shared his phone number with debt collectors despite him having no outstanding debt. The complaint, lodged on September 7, 2023, followed ongoing issues with service suspension and erroneous debt collection.

The key facts include Muchane's request to suspend services in February 2021, the settlement of all invoices by January 2023, and continued erroneous debt collection efforts by Airtel. Despite Muchane's attempts to resolve the issue directly with Airtel, the problem persisted, leading to the filing of the complaint with the Office of the Data Protection Commissioner (ODPC).

Upon investigation, the ODPC found that Airtel had failed to properly close Muchane’s account, resulting in a breach of privacy. The determination evaluates whether this breach occurred and if Airtel adequately addressed the complaint.

Issues of Determination

  1. Whether there was an infringement on the Complainant’s right to privacy under the Act
  2. Whether the complaint was sufficiently addressed by the Respondent

Determination

The ODPC finds that Airtel Networks Kenya Limited infringed on Muchane’s right to privacy as outlined in Sections 25 and 26 of the Data Protection Act, 2019. The failure to correctly close Muchane’s account and the subsequent sharing of his data with debt collectors violated the principles of data protection, particularly the requirements for accuracy and timely correction of personal data.

The ODPC determines that Airtel sufficiently addressed the complaint once notified. Airtel took corrective measures by suspending debt collection activities, reconciling and closing the account, and updating its systems. The Respondent’s actions, including recalling instructions to debt collectors and improving its data protection policies, resolved the issues to Muchane’s satisfaction.

Analysis

On whether There Was an Infringement on the Complainant’s Right to Privacy Under the Act

The Data Protection Act, 2019, enforces strict guidelines for the processing of personal data to ensure privacy (Section 25). Specifically, it mandates data controllers to maintain accurate and up-to-date data and to rectify inaccuracies without undue delay (Sections 26 and 40). In this case, Airtel Networks Kenya Limited’s failure to properly suspend and close Muchane’s account constituted a breach of these principles.

The Respondent's initial failure to act on Muchane's request and the continuation of erroneous debt collection activities demonstrated a violation of Muchane's right to privacy. Despite the Complainant’s clear instructions and payment records, Airtel’s actions led to a breach of personal data protection principles.

On whether the Complaint Was Sufficiently Addressed by the Respondent

After receiving the complaint, Airtel took several corrective steps. These included suspending debt collection, reconciling and closing the account, and updating its systems to reflect these changes. Airtel also recalled instructions to debt collectors and communicated the resolution to Muchane. 

The ODPC's investigation confirmed that Airtel’s response addressed the complaint effectively. The steps taken by Airtel such as improving its data protection procedures and handling the issue promptly satisfied the requirements under the Data Protection Act. Thus, while there was an initial breach, Airtel's subsequent actions were deemed adequate in resolving the complaint.

Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

A data subject is a natural person who is the subject of personal data held by a controller and who can be identified, directly or indirectly, through that personal data.

Each data subject has the right:

  • to be informed whether or not his or her personal data is being processed,
  • to request information about the processing, if data has been processed,
  • to be informed of the purpose of the processing and whether the data is being used in accordance with those purposes,
  • to be informed about third parties who receive personal data in Kenya and abroad,
  • to request the rectification of incomplete or inaccurate processed data, and
  • to request the erasure or destruction of personal data.

Data processing refers to any operation performed on personal data, either entirely or partially, automatically or manually. This includes collection, recording, storage, preservation, modification, revision, disclosure, transmission, assignment, making available, classification, or prevention of use.

Data controller: is a natural or legal person who determines the purposes and means of personal data processing and is accountable for the data filing system's establishment and administration.

Data processor: is a natural or legal person that processes personal data on the basis of a data controller's authorization.

The data controller or processor is required to provide the following information: the purpose of the processing, the recipients of the processed data and the purpose of the transfer, the method used to collect personal data and its legal basis, and any other rights granted to the data subject by law.

The principles governing data processing are as follows: it must be processed fairly and lawfully, it must be accurate and up to date, it must be processed for specified, explicit, and legitimate purposes, it must be adequate, relevant, and not excessive in relation to the purposes for which it is processed, and it must be retained for the duration specified by law or for no longer than is necessary for the subsequent processing.

A Data Protection Impact Assessment can be used to identify and mitigate high risks associated with data processing that may impact the rights and freedoms of data subjects.

A data controller is a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which, alone or jointly with others, determines the purpose and means of processing of personal data. On the other hand, a data processor is a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which processes personal data on behalf of the data controller.